new_etymology

• Нордические начала Илиады и Одиссеи: миграция мифа. Феличе Винчи, 2022
https://cloud.mail.ru/public/G6pr/VtFPEHjg1

...Уловка с деревянным конем никогда не упоминается в Илиаде, хотя в поэме нет дефицита в пророчествах о завоевании города (в Одиссее же «деревянный конь» упоминается несколько раз, вероятно, чтобы «усилить» ведущую роль проницательного Улисса в войне).

Сама по себе история с Троянским «конем», хотя и является очевидной интерполяцией, настолько прочно ассоциируется в сознании со взятием Трои, что на ней нельзя не остановиться. Что мог подразумевать под «деревянным конем» бард Одиссеи? Как уже отмечалось, «конями» зачастую называли корабли – так, Пенелопа говорит о них: «морские кони» (halós híppoi, Одиссея 4.708). В Одиссее, где описывается хитрость с «конем», изображается деревянная структура, без упоминания каких-либо частей тела животного – при этом многие использованные в описании выражения имеют смысл, если говорить о корабле. Троянцы «волокли коня» до акрополя, используя греческий глагол eruo, часто употреблявшийся для описания «волочения корабля по земле». Два раза использовано прилагательное кoilos «вогнутый», применявшееся и более поздними греческими авторами для описания кораблей. Durateos hippos («деревянный конь») означало «составленный из досок» (от durata – древесина, из которой делали корабли). См. http://www.veronavisita.it/?p=16346 .

В норманнской традиции, корабли часто сжигались вместе с телом усопшего короля или военачальника – и корабль («конь») мог быть подготовлен ахейцами для похорон погибшего (или притворившегося убитым) командира.


Погребение царя, рисунок Aarno Karimo

В этой связи любопытна параллель с хитростью, использованной датскими викингами при взятии в 860 году н.э. города Луни, недалеко от устья реки Магра на северо-западе Италии. В 859 году Бьорн Айронсайд и Гастинг отправились со своими викингскими флотилиями в Средиземное море, совершив набеги на Иберийское побережье и разграбив юг Франции, где их флот перезимовал, прежде чем высадиться в Италии и захватить прибрежные города Пиза и Луни. По легенде, прибыв к итальянскому Луни, викинги сообщили горожанам, что на смертном одре умирает их король Гастинг, пожелавший принять христианство и попросивший быть похороненным на священной земле городской церкви. Услышав это, жители Луни позволили небольшой группе викингов внести тело умирающего короля. Оказавшись в городских стенах, Гастинг, этот подражатель гомеровского Улисса, спрыгнул с носилок (или выскочил из своего гроба, который Рудольф Пёртнер, немецкий археолог (1912 – 2001), называет «гробом Трои»!) и вместе со своими товарищами, пронесшими с собой мечи, пробился к городским воротам, открыл их и впустил свое войско. Викинги опустошили и разграбили Луни и ушли со своим флотом, который поджидал их на берегу.

• Нордические начала Илиады и Одиссеи: миграция мифа. Феличе Винчи, 2022 (ПРОЕКТ, комментарии и замечания приветствуются)
https://cloud.mail.ru/public/G6pr/VtFPEHjg1

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...Еще одна связь с Гомеровским миром, обнаруживаемая на юго-восточном побережье Балтики, связана с легендами прусских рыбаков о движущихся песчаных дюнах Куршской косы, некоторые из которых достигают 70-80 метров в высоту и способных засыпать целые дома рыбаков всего за одну ночь. Эти рассказы соответствуют уже упомянутым сюжетам о «движущихся горах» (Одиссея 8.569, 13.152, 158, 177, 183), иногда называемых учеными «Помпеями Одиссеи».

Иллюстрацию этих легенд можно найти в довоенном прусском фильме — см. 2.33.19 https://youtu.be/t2G2HVMYEXE (‘12 Kurzfilme über Ostpreussen’).

См. подробнее:
• Нордические начала Илиады и Одиссеи: миграция мифа. Феличе Винчи, 2022 (перевод)
https://cloud.mail.ru/public/G6pr/VtFPEHjg1



According to the Prussian fishers’ legends, the moving sands of the Curonian Spit famous for its huge snow-white sand dunes, could bury whole fishers’ houses in just one night. The depiction of this legend can be found in a pre-war Prussian film — see at 2.33.19 https://youtu.be/t2G2HVMYEXE

This so much corresponds to the stories about the moving mountains in Odyssey 8.569, 13.152, 158, 177, 183, sometimes referred by scholars as ‘Pompeii of the Odyssey’!

See more:
• The Nordic Origins of the Odyssey and the Iliad: the Migration of Myth, by Felice Vinci, 2022
https://cloud.mail.ru/public/M75a/CWFfKHmn5

по-русски: https://new-etymology.livejournal.com/466301.html
in italiano: https://www.larazzodeltempo.it/2022/svyatoy-nos/




Not undermining the good placement by Felice Vinci of Maelstrom whirlpool as Charybdis with regards to the rest of the Nordic places of Ulysses’s adventures (‘The Nordic Origins of the Odyssey and the Iliad: the Migration of Myth’), the epic was likely influenced by the tales of seafarers of a one more Scylla and Charybdis of the North, located on the continuation of the same ancient seaway along the River Ocean (Gulfstream). In its very end by the coast of Kola Peninsula, the warm Gulfstream collides with the oncoming cold waters of the White Sea, forming a strong suvoy (sula) – a constant trembling of the sea waters, reminiscent of boiling, going as a straight line away from the shore, dividing the Barents Sea and the White Sea, the latter differing from each other also by color. On land this border commences by a sharp-pointed rocky Cape Gallant (Svyatoi Nose (‘Saint Cape’), or Terski Nose in Russian, Nyargai in Lappish, Vegestad (‘Way Rock’) in Norwegian), 15 km in length, with heights reaching 179 m. Since ancient times the passage of this point was connected with great risks to seafarers, and has given birth to many fearful legends.

According to the ancient coast-dwellers (Pomorians) and Lappish tradition, a feminine deity of the sea lived inside the rock of the cape, and huge worms overturned boats at the edge of Cape Gallant. In another version, an unknown monster lived in a cave at the very tip of Cape Gallant, and it was necessary to appease the monster in order to safely pass by around the cape. Yet another Pomorian legend tells of a sea monster that lived near the cape, and “seethed the ocean”. Few ships dared to sail past it. The deity (or a monster) who lived inside the rock (in a cave in the rock), which needed to be appeased, and the sea monster that “seethed the ocean” so much resemble the Homeric Scylla and Charybdis!

Inside of that vaulted cave dwells Scylla, yelping terribly.
Her voice is indeed but as the voice of a new-born whelp,
but she herself is an evil monster, nor would anyone be glad
at sight of her, no, not though it were a god that met her. (Odyssey 12.85-88)

For on one side lay Scylla and on the other divine Charybdis
terribly sucked down the salt water of the sea.
Verily whenever she belched it forth, like a cauldron on a great fire
she would seethe and bubble in utter turmoil. (Odyssey 12.235-238)

In 1496 the Russian ambassador to Denmark, Grigory Istoma, traveled along the coast of the Kola Peninsula; later he gave the details of this journey to the ambassador of the German emperor, Sigismund von Herberstein, who set out this story in his book The Notes on Muscovy (1556):

“Cape Svyatoi Nose is a huge rock protruding into the sea, like a nose; a whirlpool cave is visible at the bottom of the rock; every six hours the cave absorbs water and with great noise spews back this abyss. Some call it the sea navel, others call it Charybdis. He [Grigory Istoma] said that the power of this abyss is so great that it pulls ships and other objects that are nearby, twists them and absorbs them—and that they [his crew] have never been in a greater danger. For when the abyss suddenly and strongly began to pull the ship on which they sailed, they barely escaped, with great difficulty, leaning on the oars with all their might.”

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photos from place: https://eesti-keel.livejournal.com/258500.html
in italiano: https://www.larazzodeltempo.it/2022/troia-estonia/
на русском языке: https://eesti-keel.livejournal.com/216501.html



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...the Emperor walked along in the procession under the gorgeous canopy, and everybody in the streets and at the windows exclaimed, "How beautiful the Emperor's new clothes are! And they fit to perfection!" Nobody would let it appear that they could see nothing, for then he would not be fit for his post, or else he was a fool.
"But he has no fine robes at all," said a little child.
The Emperor writhed, for he knew it was true, but he thought, "The procession must go on," so held himself stiffer than ever, and the chamberlains held up the invisible train.
Hans Christian Andersen, The Emperor's New Clothes


INDO-GERMANISM

The so called 'Indo-European' ('Indo-Germanist') theory which dominates the scholastic literature and science (as M.Naddeo concluded: de facto not a science, but a religion: https://www.michelangelonaddeo.com ) is based purely on the hypothetic linguistic tree established in the late 19th Century!

The theory was re-named from 'Indo-Germanic' to 'Indo-European' after WWII.

The 'Indo-European' theory determines 'peoples' according to the known written languages, the hypothetic migrations of their hypothetic speakers, and from the reconstruction of the hypothetic 'pre-' and 'proto-' words (like the hypothetic 'proto-Germanic', 'proto-Slavic', 'proto-Indo-European', or 'PIE', etc.).

Furthermore, from the study 'Ancient Migrations and the Origin of Indo-European Peoples' by Leo Klein, 2007 [1] it appears that the allocation of the ancient archeological cultures to linguistically determined hypothetic 'peoples' is made fully arbitrarily by the 'Indo-Europeists'. Notably, Leo Klein also admits many times in his study that same ancient archeological cultures could as well belong to non-'I.E.' peoples.

According to Leo Klein's study, 'Indo-Europeists' experience a difficulty in allocation of the 'motherland' of their hypothetic 'Proto-Indo-European people', and have differing hypothesis with thousands and thousands of kilometers in distance.

Contrary to Leo Klein's initial statements that anthropological migrations have little to do with languages migrations, now that there are DNA-haplogroup movements determined, 'Indo-Europeists' attempt to make them support their 19th century linguistic 'Indo-European' theory as well, and make allocations of DNA-haplogroup movements, again arbitrarily, to what they consider as initial 'Indo-European' 'peoples' based on the 19th century linguistics (same way as they try to make archaeology to work ONLY to support their 'Indo-European' hypothesis).

From their initial comparisons, 'Indo-Europeists' have fully excluded African, Arabic, Finno-Ugric, Turkic, Tungusic, Chinese, Polynesian, American Indian and other languages which were not considered by them as 'Indo-European' ('Indo-Germanic'), regardless that these languages have thousands and thousands of basic words that have same or close meaning and same phonetics with words in languages classified as 'Indo-European'.

'Indo-Europeists' also fail to admit that the major difference between the 'language families' determined by them, is observed mainly on the grammar level, and that grammars could have been set artificially by the monks, in the processes of introduction of new religions, and in the unification of nations.

Additionally, 'Indo-Europeists' consider ancient texts (such as the Tochar documents, Indo-Iranian Avesta, Rig Veda) as compiled in the languages ​​spoken by the peoples. However, most of the ancient documents could have been compiled not in the languages ​​spoken by the surrounding peoples, but in the sacred languages ​​developed by the monks, and only they themselves may have known the secrets of these languages, and were probably the only ones who could read in them.

'In all civilizations, writing originally had a strong religious and almost magical significance. Its technology was a mystery to most, reserved to few, who often kept the mechanisms secret, and who frequently ended up using this secret to dominate others, by preventing access to writing to the less favoured social classes. Writing was often taught in the temples and was the exclusive prerogative of holy men (shamans, druids), who used writing as a magical power or as a mnemonic tool to hand down the ritualistic tradition, the mythology, and the medical knowledge.' M.Naddeo. The Ugaritic abjad... a rovas alphabet. 2007. p.27. https://cloud.mail.ru/public/dJeJ/n56Q9X279

The so-called 'ancient' languages ​​were not the people's languages. They were not the languages that made a general coverage of all classes of an ethnic group. Any 'genealogical' constructions (the so called 'language trees') based on the comparisons of the ancient texts (which is the basis of the so-called 'comparative historical linguistics'), are not reliable at all!

Read more about the fundamental errors of the German comparativists here: https://new-etymology.livejournal.com/21408.html .


THE POLITICAL AGENDA

As the matter of fact, there was a political agenda for the separation of the so called 'Indo-Germanic' languages (and thus, 'peoples') from others, in the 19th Century: the excluded languages and peoples speaking them, were considered by 'Indo-Germanist' adepts as merely inferior, primitive 'net borrowers', belonging to some inferior 'races'.

'...Every European nation is proud of its 'Indo-European' descent. [Yet], when we come across a different people, history and geography textbooks define them as "non-Indo-European" almost as if this were an invitation to ignore them'. M.Naddeo. The Ugaritic abjad... a rovas alphabet. 2007. p.20. https://cloud.mail.ru/public/dJeJ/n56Q9X279

'The theories of the Indo-Germanists, now under a linguistic and no longer under a racial mask, are still an attempt at demonstrating a cultural superiority which never existed in the reality'. M.Naddeo. Honfoglalas... the Magyars are back home. 2006. p.218.

Notably, initially the 'Indo-Germanist' hypothesis was developed in line with Darwin's hypothesis of 'evolution' (in which the non-white races were considered as an interim stage between a monkey and a human), and no wonder the followers of these hypothesis exhibited the representatives of non-'Indo-Germanic' peoples (including even the Saami!), in special zoos in the European and the US large cities, from mid 1800's through 1958.

Human zoos, also called ethnological expositions, were 19th- and 20th-century public exhibitions of humans, usually in a so-called natural or primitive state. The displays often emphasized the cultural differences between Europeans of Western civilization and non-European peoples or with other Europeans who practiced a lifestyle deemed more primitive. Some of them placed indigenous populations in a continuum somewhere between the great apes and Europeans. Ethnological expositions have been extensively criticized and ascertained as highly degrading and racist. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_zoo?fbclid=IwAR1YwU2TP2ja_Mq-NOLs2nUJpmBeI7QtgaItQ-aGXIcByzfLQFuMAkF3MEI



The crimes of the Belgian king Leopold II and his soldiers who destroyed 10 million Africans, are still awaiting their Nuremberg.

“Indo-Europeanism” and “Darwinism” is also represented in the form of reservations for Native Americans in the USA, where until now those who have not forgotten and maintain their ancient “Pre-I.E.” culture and languages, are limited in civil rights, in their own original territory.

This is from where the 'Indo-European' hypothesis evolved. It is very strange that scholars continue to stick to it. Probably, the 19th Century political agenda is still there.


«ИНДО-ЕВРОПЕЙСКАЯ» ГИПОТЕЗА
КАК ОСНОВНАЯ ЛЖЕ-НАУКА ПОСЛЕДНИХ 150 ЛЕТ.

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• FINNO-EGYPTIAN CULTURAL ORIGINS OF THE OLD WORLD, by Sigurd Wettenhovi-Aspa, 1936 (346 MB).
ЧУДСКО-ЕГИПЕТСКИЕ КУЛЬТУРНЫЕ КОРНИ СТАРОГО МИРА. Сигургд Аспа-Веттенхови, 1936
https://cloud.mail.ru/public/FPLa/n6nkSZWH2